What are the characteristics of plate rubber bearings for highway bridges
Plate rubber bearings for highway bridges are commonly used types of bearings in bridge engineering, with the following characteristics:
1、 Simple structure and easy installation
Simple construction: Made of multiple layers of rubber sheets and thin steel plates vulcanized and bonded together, with no complex parts and low manufacturing difficulty.
Plate rubber bearings for highway bridges are commonly used types of bearings in bridge engineering, with the following characteristics:
1、 Simple structure and easy installation
Simple construction: Made of multiple layers of rubber sheets and thin steel plates vulcanized and bonded together, with no complex parts and low manufacturing difficulty.
Convenient construction: No complex positioning devices or adjustment mechanisms are required, it can be directly placed between the beam and the pier, shortening the construction period and reducing labor costs.
2、 Good elasticity and deformation ability
Elastic adaptation to displacement: Rubber materials themselves have high elasticity and can adapt to horizontal displacement (such as expansion, contraction, and oscillation) caused by temperature changes, concrete shrinkage and creep in beams.
Vertical bearing stability: Under vertical load, the rubber layer releases stress through lateral expansion deformation, avoiding local stress concentration and ensuring uniform stress on the support.
3、 Strong shock absorption and buffering performance
Absorbing vibration energy: The viscoelastic properties of rubber can effectively buffer the impact of vehicle loads on bridges, reduce vibration and noise, and extend the service life of bridges.
Adapt to dynamic loads: It has good adaptability to the dynamic loads generated by vehicle movement, especially suitable for road sections with high traffic flow and heavy vehicles.
4、 Low cost and good economy
Low material cost: The main materials are rubber and steel plate, which are easily available and have mature processing technology. The cost is significantly lower than other types of bearings (such as bowl bearings and spherical bearings).
Low maintenance cost: no moving parts, no need for frequent maintenance under normal use, and low maintenance costs in the later stage.
5、 Wide applicability
Flexible span: Suitable for small and medium span bridges (usually with a span of ≤ 30 meters), such as urban road bridges, rural road bridges, etc.
Environmental adaptability: It can work normally within the temperature range of -25 ℃~60 ℃ (if cold resistant rubber is used, the low-temperature performance can be further improved), and adapt to different climatic conditions in different regions.
6、 Limitations of existence
Limited bearing capacity: The vertical bearing capacity is generally below 1000kN and is not suitable for large-span or heavy-duty bridges.
Durability issue: Rubber may age and crack due to long-term exposure to loads and environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation, rainwater, and oil pollution. Regular inspection and replacement are required (the design service life is usually 10-20 years).
Limited horizontal displacement capability: When there is a high demand for horizontal displacement of the bridge (such as in earthquake zones), it is necessary to use other devices (such as displacement rods and damping tenons) in conjunction.
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